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< Current issue
Dermatopathology: Practical & Conceptual April - June 1995
>
Searching for Diogenes: Bulge-Activation Hypothesis Part II—The Bulge is Not a Bulge
Michael Radonich
Cosimo Misciali, MD
A. Bernard Ackerman, MD
Introduction
1876 Unna
1877 Schulin
1883 Unna
1892 Garcia
1904 Stöhr
1927 Felix Pinkus
1935 Zimmermann
1951 Hermann Pinkus
1958 Hermann Pinkus
1961 Sanderson & Thiede
1961 Sanderson
1964 Madsen
1964 Montagna
1984 Headington
1986 Mehregan
1987 Headington & Astle
1990 Leshin & White
1990 Cotsarelis, Sun, Lavker
1991 Sun, Cotsarelis, Lavker
1991 Lavker, Cotsarelis, Wei, Sun
1991 Lane, Wilson, Hughes, Leigh
1992 Jaworsky, Kligman, Murphy
1993 Yang, Lavker, Sun
1993 Lavker, Miller, Wilson, Costarelis, Wei, Yang, Sun
1993 Headington
1993 Whiting
1993 Kobayashi, Rochat, Barrandon
1994 Rochat, Kobayashi, Barrandon
References
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1964 Madsen
Studies on the "bulge" (Wulst) in superficial basal cell epitheliomas. Arch Dermatol. 1964;89:698-708 (
Fig. 11
).
View Figure
Fig. 11 [Fig. la] Models of bulge-follicles: (1) enlarged infundibulum, (2) eccentric thickening of the follicle wall, (3) bulge. (4) "collar" and pedicle connected with the bulk of bulge, (5) hair root. (Reproduced with permission.)
Message
Digitiform or club-shaped epithelial pegs that arise along the circumference of the outer sheath make up "the bulge."
Critique
Unlike any previous author, Madsen states what we ourselves aver, namely, that the proliferations (bulges) are integral to a normal isthmus, without any implication of pathologic change.
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